Guiding principles for integrating on-demand transit into conventional transit networks: A review of literature and practice

Authors

Alaa Itani
Willem Klumpenhouwer
Amer Shalaby
Brendon Hemily

Document Type

Journal Article

Publication Date

2024

Subject Area

place - north america, place - urban, mode - bus, mode - demand responsive transit, literature review - literature review, planning - integration, planning - network design, planning - service level, operations - scheduling, ridership - behaviour

Keywords

On-demand transit, Guiding principles, Literature review, Interviews, Tactical planning, Service planning

Abstract

On-demand transit (ODT) has been widely piloted in recent years by many transit agencies in response to changing travel behaviour and preferences among people. Some agencies have adopted ODT to replace underperforming bus routes, as part of a continuous service planning process while others incorporated it within network re-design. All these trends highlight the critical need for transit agencies to have guidance for incorporating ODT into transit network planning both at the strategic, tactical, and service planning levels. Thus, the purpose of this research is to provide a discussion of the key guiding principles to facilitate the development of transit networks with integrated on-demand and scheduled services. To achieve this goal, a thorough review of the states of practice and research was conducted. Findings from the practice review were also reinforced through ODT practitioners’ engagement in Canada. This paper provides discussions on the service goals and objectives of an integrated network design and highlights the key planning requirements for developing integrated networks. At the service planning level, the paper provides a discussion on service goals, service design parameters, and scenario development of ODT service.

Rights

Permission to publish the abstract has been given by Elsevier, copyright remains with them.

Comments

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http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/journal/0967070X

Recommended Citation

Itani, A., Klumpenhouwer, W., Shalaby, A., & Hemily, B. (2024). Guiding principles for integrating on-demand transit into conventional transit networks: A review of literature and practice. Transport Policy.